What is the term for the distance between similar, equally spaced tooth surfaces in a given direction?

The term "pitch" is used to define the distance between similar, equally spaced tooth surfaces of gears, chains, or other mechanical components in a specific direction. It encompasses the spacing between the corresponding points on adjacent teeth, which is essential in ensuring smooth engagement and mesh of gears or links in motion.

Understanding pitch is crucial for designing effective mechanical systems, as it influences factors like load distribution, performance, and wear. It serves as a key parameter for manufacturers to ensure compatibility between mating components. In contrast, terms such as "pitch circle" and "pitch diameter" refer to specific geometrical representations related to the pitch but do not directly define the distance between tooth surfaces. A "pitch plane," while relevant in some contexts, does not specifically address the spacing of teeth, making "pitch" the most appropriate term in this case.