Which term could be defined as simply a push or pull?

The term defined as a push or pull is force. In physics, force is a vector quantity that represents an interaction that can cause an object to accelerate, change direction, or deform. It is typically measured in newtons (N) in the International System of Units (SI). When you apply a push on an object, you are exerting a force that can cause it to move away from you. Conversely, pulling an object towards you also involves applying a force in the opposite direction.

Understanding force is fundamental in machine design, as it relates directly to how components interact with one another, how systems can be put into motion, and how different loads and stresses affect mechanical structures. This essential concept is central to analyzing the behavior of materials and mechanical systems in various applications.